Used when only ONE group is available to study over a longer period of time -Useful for determining trends over time -Data are collected multiple times before the introduction of the treatment ot establish a baseline point of reference on outcomes. -The experimental treatment is introduced and data are collected multiple times afterward to determine a change from baseline. -The broad range and number of data-collection points helps rule out alternative explanations, such as history effects. -Potential threats to Internal validity: Testing--b/c of multiple data-collection points, maturation and selection--b/c lack of control group.

Most organizations with service level definitions for performance create only a handful of performance definitions because measuring performance from every point in the network to every other point requires significant resources and creates a high amount of network overhead.

A researcher studies a group of freshman college students to measure the impact of an HIV/AIDS awareness program on their understanding of the disease. Students attended the program and then were given a 10-question test about HIV/AIDS. Which of the following could be an antecedent variable threatening the internal validity of this study? A televised, public education program started during this period of time. Students had varying degrees of knowledge about HIV/AIDS before participating in the study. Several of the subjects were actually diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the study.

Doomsday hindi dubbedhd avi dawnload. Twenty percent of the subjects dropped out of school before taking the test. In the classic or true experimental design: Subjects are randomly assigned to one of two groups, each group receives treatment or intervention, and then the dependent variable is measured.

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Subjects are randomly assigned to one of two groups, each group receives a pretest, each group receives treatment or intervention, and each group receives a posttest. Subjects are randomly assigned to one of two groups, the dependent variable is measured in both groups, one group receives treatment, and both groups are posttested. Subjects are randomly assigned to one of two groups, both groups are given a pretest, one group receives treatment, and the dependent variable is measured in one group. Provides level IV evidence -Used in studies where the researcher wishes to construct a picture of a phenomenon, explore events, people, or situations as they naturally occur; tests relationships among variables -May study at one point or over a period of time -IV is NOT manipulated -IVs have naturally occurred; investigator cannot directly control them by manipulation -Requires a clear, concise research problem or hypothesis based on theoretical framework -Subjects are NOT randomized -There is no control group. Look at a broader perspective of a cross-section of the population at a specific time with the same subjects -Examine data at one point in time** -Can be one group or simultaneously collecting data on the study's variables from different groups. -Explore relationships, correlations, differences or comparisons.